Thermo Fisher Scientific HCAR2 Polyclonal Antibody

Applications

Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

• Tested Dilution: Not specified
• View 1 publication

Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P))

• Tested Dilution: 1:50–1:200
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Product Specifications

Product Specific Information

The antibody detects endogenous levels of total PUMA gamma protein.

Target Information

GPR109A (also known as HCA2, HM74a, and NIACR1) is a 42 kDa G-protein coupled receptor belonging to the hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptor family, which includes GPR109B and GPR81.
GPR109A has two known ligands: niacin and butyrate (or its derivative 3-hydroxybutyrate).

• GPR109B ligand: 3-hydroxyl-octanoic acid
• GPR81 ligand: 2-hydroxy-propanoate (lactate)

GPR109A is expressed in adipocytes, neutrophils, Langerhans cells, keratinocytes, intestinal epithelial cells, and colonic macrophages.
Niacin (vitamin B3) improves cholesterol metabolism and reduces inflammation through GPR109A activation.
GPR109A also plays a critical role in suppressing inflammation and colon cancer. Both ligands are produced by colonic commensal bacteria.
In mice, GPR109A expression on intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages contributes to suppression of colitis and colon cancer.
In humans, GPR109A is silenced in colon carcinoma cells by DNA methylation, leading to increased intestinal inflammation.

For Research Use Only.
Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.