Thermo Fisher Scientific HMGB1 Monoclonal Antibody (GT427)

Applications and Tested Dilution

Product Specifications

Product Specific Information

• Positive Control: 293T, SK-N-SH, IMR32, SK-N-AS, Mouse brain, Rat brain
• Predicted Reactivity: Xenopus laevis (100%), Dog (100%), Pig (100%), Rabbit (100%), Chicken (100%), Rhesus Monkey (100%), Bovine (100%)
• Store product as a concentrated solution. Centrifuge briefly prior to opening the vial.

Target Information

HMGB1 (High-mobility group box-1) protein was originally described as a nuclear non-histone DNA binding chromosomal protein. Recent studies indicate that damaged, necrotic cells release HMGB1 into the extracellular milieu, where it functions as a proinflammatory cytokine.

Mouse HMGB1 is expressed as a 215 amino acid single-chain polypeptide containing three domains:

• Two tandem-linked positively charged DNA-binding domains (HMG box A, aa 9–79; and box B, aa 89–162)
• A negatively charged 30 aa C-terminal acidic tail region

Residues 28–44 and 180–185 contain nuclear localization signals (NLS).
The cytokine activity resides in the B box, while the A box is associated with transcription factor helix-loop-helix domains.

HMGB1 acts as an inflammatory mediator promoting monocyte migration and cytokine secretion, and mediates T cell–dendritic cell interactions. It signals through high-affinity receptors RAGE, TLR2, and TLR4.
HMGB1 is highly conserved and ubiquitous in nuclei and cytoplasm of nearly all cell types, serving as a key mediator of inflammation during sterile and infection-associated responses.

Additionally, HMGB1 functions as a DNA nuclear binding protein and is an early trigger of sterile inflammation in trauma-hemorrhage models via activation of TLR4 and RAGE. Elevated HMGB1 levels are reported during tissue injury, infection, endotoxemia, sepsis, collagen-induced arthritis, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.