ELK Biotechnology AR (Acetyl Lys632) rabbit pAb
인간 AR(Androgen Receptor) Acetyl Lys632 특이 rabbit polyclonal antibody. WB와 ELISA에 적합하며, 고순도 IgG로 105kD 밴드 검출. 핵 및 세포질에서 발현되는 AR 연구에 활용 가능.
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제품명
AR (Acetyl Lys632) rabbit pAb
기본 정보
| 항목 | 내용 |
|---|---|
| Alternative Names | Androgen receptor (Dihydrotestosterone receptor; Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 4) |
| Applications | WB; ELISA |
| Recommended Dilutions | WB 1:1000–2000, ELISA 1:5000–20000 |
| Immunogen | Synthesized peptide derived from human AR (Acetyl Lys632) |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Storage | -20°C / 1 year |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | IgG |
| Concentration | 1 mg/ml |
| Observed Band | 105 kD |
| GeneID (Human) | 367 |
| Human Swiss-Prot No | P10275 |
| Cellular Localization | Nucleus, Cytoplasm. Detected at the promoter of target genes (PubMed:25091737). Predominantly cytoplasmic in unligated form but translocates to the nucleus upon ligand-binding. Can also translocate to the nucleus in unligated form in the presence of RACK1. |
| Species Reactivity | Human; Mouse |
Background
Defects in AR are associated with several diseases:
- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS): X-linked recessive pseudohermaphroditism due to end-organ resistance to androgen.
- Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (PAIS): Also known as Reifenstein syndrome, characterized by hypospadias, hypogonadism, gynecomastia, and genital ambiguity.
- Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SMAX1, Kennedy disease): X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion.
- Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Mutated AR stimulates prostate growth and metastasis despite androgen ablation.
Domain Structure
Composed of three domains:
- N-terminal modulating domain
- DNA-binding domain
- C-terminal steroid-binding domain
Agonist binding activates AR transcription factor activity through dimerization and DNA binding. Transcription is modulated by coactivator and corepressor proteins.
Function
Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors regulating gene expression and cellular proliferation. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2 and activated by HIPK3.
Miscellaneous
- Hormone binding increases receptor affinity for nuclear components.
- Tyrosine phosphorylation level may predict response to hormone-ablation therapy.
- Transcriptional activity enhanced by RANBP9 binding.
Polymorphisms
- Poly-Gln region: Highly polymorphic (17–26 Gln); smaller size may be associated with prostate cancer.
- Poly-Gly region: Polymorphic (24–31 Gly); shorter regions (≤23) may be associated with androgenetic alopecia.
Post-translational Modifications (PTM)
- Phosphorylated in prostate cancer cells via c-Src kinase (CSK) at Tyr-534.
- Sumoylated on Lys-386 (major) and Lys-520.
Similarity
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR3 subfamily. Contains one nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain.
Subunit Interactions
Binds DNA as homodimer. Forms complexes with EFCAB6/DJBP, PARK7, HIPK3, NR0B2, and others. Interacts with coactivators (NCOA1–4, MAGEA11) via LXXLL and FXXLF motifs. The N-terminal poly-Gln region binds Ran, enhancing AR-mediated transactivation.
Tissue Specificity
Isoform 2 is mainly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle.
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