Thermo Fisher Scientific CD99 Monoclonal Antibody (HO36-1.1)

Applications

Tested Dilution

Publications

Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P))

Ready-to-use 150-200 µL

-

Product Specifications

Host/Isotype

Mouse / IgM

Class

Monoclonal

Type

Antibody

Clone

HO36-1.1

Immunogen

Purified E-rosette forming cells from human peripheral blood lymphocytes

Conjugate

Unconjugated Unconjugated Unconjugated

Form

Liquid

Storage conditions

2-8°C

Shipping conditions

Wet ice

Product Specific Information

This product is diluted and in a ready-to-use formulation.

A recommended positive control tissue for this product is Ewing`s sarcoma, however positive controls are not limited to this tissue type.

The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. This antibody is intended to be used after the primary diagnosis of tumor has been made by conventional histopathology using non-immunological histochemical stains.

This antibody recognizes a sialoglycoprotein of 27-32 kDa, identified as CD99, or MIC2 gene product, or E2 antigen. MIC2 gene is located in the pseudo-autosomal region of the human X and Y chromosome. MIC2 gene encodes two distinct proteins, which are produced by alternative splicing of the CD99 gene transcript and are identified as bands of 30 and 32 kDa (p30/32).Although its function is not fully understood, CD99 is implicated in various cellular processes including homotypic aggregation of T cells, upregulation of T cell receptor and MHS molecules, apoptosis of immature thymocytes and leukocyte diapedesis.CD99 is expressed on the cell membrane of some lymphocytes, cortical thymocytes, and granulosa cells of the ovary. Most pancreatic islet cells, Sertoli cells of the testis, and some endothelial cells express this antigen. MIC2 is strongly expressed on Ewing`s sarcoma cells and primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumors.

Antibody is used with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections. Pretreatment of deparaffinized tissue with heat-induced epitope retrieval or enzymatic retrieval is recommended. In general, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody (link antibody), an enzyme complex and a chromogenic substrate with interposed washing steps. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.

A positive tissue control must be run with every staining procedure performed. This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. External Positive control materials should be fresh autopsy/biopsy/surgical specimens fixed, processed and embedded as soon as possible in the same manner as the patient sample (s). Positive tissue controls are indicative of correctly prepared tissues and proper staining methods. The tissues used for the external positive control materials should be selected from the patient specimens with well-characterized low levels of the positive target activity that gives weak positive staining. The low level of positivity for external positive controls is designed to ensure detection of subtle changes in the primary antibody sensitivity from instability or problems with the staining methodology. A tissue with weak positive staining is more suitable for optimal quality control and for detecting minor levels of reagent degradation.

Internal or external negative control tissue may be used depending on the guidelines and policies that govern the organization to which the end user belongs to. The variety of cell types present in many tissue sections offers internal negative control sites, but this should be verified by the user. The components that do not stain should demonstrate the absence of specific staining, and provide an indication of non-specific background staining. If specific staining occurs in the negative tissue control sites, results with the patient specimens must be considered invalid.

Target Information

CD99 (E2, MIC2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is involved in regulation of T cell addhesive properties and programmed cell death distinct from typical apoptosis course. CD99 roles are specific to certain stages of T cell differentiation such as corticothymocytes. CD99R isoform expression is restricted in the haematopoietic system to T, NK and myeloid cells.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.